Cancer Vs Immmunotherapy For Cancer - 994 Words

Immunotherapy for cancer treatment has had tremendous growth recently with increased awareness and knowledge of the immune system and potential means to manipulate it for therapeutic intent. Progress in the treatment of viral infections including CMV, EBV, HHV-6, utilization of immune checkpoint blockade for melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and Hodgkin Lymphoma, as well as rapid emergence of genetically modified T cells against CD19+ B cells have contributed to the growth in this area.Antibody-targeted therapy has now become standard of care for many malignancies, and the multi-domain utilization of antigen-specific adoptive T-cell therapy has shown great promises. 4 While our understanding of B cell and T cell and our ability to†¦show more content†¦The key role of NK cells in various aspects of immune response are now being recognized and have been attracting increased attention for their potential clinical efficacy via immune-based therapies. As their name implies, this unique member of the innate immune system can recognize targets without being previously sensitized and thus kill cells that are deemed dangerous to the host. This is particularly important when evaluating biologic studies of NK cells and factors that influence NK-cell effect in cancer immune-surveillance, viral immunity, and transplantation alloreactivity. In this chapter, we will review NK cell biology, discuss their role in the alloHSCT setting, and review new advances in incorporating NK cells as therapeutic options for malignancies. Large granular lymphocytes (LGL) can be divided broadly into two major lineages mainly T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. While mature cells NK cells are morphologically identified as LGL, nearly a decade after their initial discovery, NK cells were characterized as lymphocytes having an immuno-phenotype that lacked expression of CD3- but expressed CD56+. This characterization thereby differentiated them from T-cells having CD3+ expressi on and thus NK cells do not express the CD3/T-cell receptor (TCR) complex or experience TCR gene rearrangement. NK cells can be further divided into two distinct